PPROM complications: what to know

When the membranes break early, bacteria can travel upwards and cause infection of the membranes or womb. PPROM can also be followed by contractions and premature birth. Loss of fluid may affect cushioning around the baby and, when it happens early, may interfere with lung development or movement.

Bleeding, placental separation, cord compression and changes in the baby’s heartbeat are additional concerns the maternity team watches for. A complication is not inevitable, and symptoms may be subtle, which is why observations, examinations and fetal monitoring matter even when you feel well.

Contact your maternity unit as soon as fluid leakage is suspected. Clinicians may check your temperature, pulse, blood results, urine, abdominal tenderness, contractions, fluid appearance and the baby’s heartbeat. Treatment may include antibiotics, corticosteroids for fetal lung development, and other medicines or neonatal preparation based on gestation and findings. Information about an [Antenatal Steroid Injection](/treatments/pregnancy-and-birth-care/antenatal-corticosteroid-injection/) can help you discuss whether it fits your situation.

Seek immediate maternity advice for fever, chills, feeling suddenly unwell, increasing abdominal or back pain, a tender womb, regular contractions, vaginal bleeding, foul-smelling or green fluid, or reduced fetal movement. These changes can signal infection, labour, bleeding or fetal distress and need assessment without delay.

Ask which complications are most relevant at your gestation, how often you will be assessed, which symptoms should trigger a call, and how the team would respond to infection or labour. Ask when delivery would be safer and whether [Induction of Labour](/treatments/pregnancy-and-birth-care/induction-of-labour/) might be considered.