Popping blackheads and cysts: what to know

A blackhead is an open comedone: oil and dead skin collect in a pore, and the exposed material looks dark after contact with air. A cyst is a deeper sac beneath the skin and may contain thick keratin-like material. Squeezing a blackhead can push contents deeper or injure the pore wall; pressing a cyst can rupture the sac into nearby tissue and increase inflammation. Comedonal acne commonly includes blackheads and whiteheads, while a cyst may need a separate assessment.

Wash gently, avoid picking and use products recommended for your skin type. Topical retinoids can help prevent new comedones when prescribed or advised appropriately, but they may irritate if introduced too quickly. A trained professional may offer an acne extraction facial for selected blackheads using controlled technique. Do not attempt to lance a cyst or use needles at home. Persistent, widespread or scarring acne may need medical treatment, including isotretinoin treatment in selected cases.

Book a dermatology review for painful deep bumps, repeated cysts, scarring, spreading redness, drainage or acne that is not settling with gentle care. Seek prompt help for fever, rapidly worsening swelling or severe pain. Early assessment can separate acne from an inflamed cyst or another skin problem.

Are these blackheads, comedonal acne or cysts? Would topical retinoids or professional extraction fit my skin? What should I do if a squeezed area becomes painful, red or swollen?