Pertussis cough in adults

Adults can begin with a runny nose, throat irritation or a mild cough, then develop episodes that are difficult to stop. The effort may cause chest or abdominal muscle pain, headache, retching, vomiting or broken sleep. Some people remain able to work between attacks, which can make the illness seem less serious than it is. A prolonged cough has many possible causes, so the presence of an attack pattern, recent exposure and vaccination history helps a clinician judge whether pertussis should be tested.

Arrange medical review rather than relying on over-the-counter cough remedies when attacks recur or interfere with breathing, sleep or meals. Note the duration, triggers, vomiting and any contact with a coughing person. Sip fluids, rest, avoid smoke and protect close contacts from droplets. Do not start leftover antibiotics; a clinician needs to choose treatment and explain whether time away from work is needed.

Call for urgent help if breathlessness is severe, the lips look blue or grey, chest pain is sudden or intense, fainting occurs, or coughing causes choking that does not settle. Seek prompt assessment for a cough that is worsening, causes repeated vomiting, or follows close contact with pertussis. Be especially cautious around babies, who can become seriously unwell without a classic whoop.

Ask whether the cough pattern warrants testing, how to limit exposure to family members, whether treatment could reduce spread, and what symptom would mean you should attend emergency care.