Persistent depression

Depression may involve low mood, loss of interest, guilt, hopelessness, irritability or feeling anxious. Physical changes can include fatigue, difficulty sleeping, sleeping more than usual, daytime sleepiness and changes in appetite. Difficulty concentrating may make work, study or ordinary decisions harder. These experiences can vary from day to day, and having one symptom does not establish a diagnosis. A clinician considers duration, severity, functioning, medicines, physical health and safety.

Arrange an appointment with a GP or mental-health professional, and describe mood, sleep, energy, appetite, concentration and any loss of interest. Tell someone you trust how you are feeling and accept practical help with meals, appointments or daily tasks. Keep a simple routine with regular food, rest and gentle activity if manageable. Do not stop prescribed antidepressants suddenly; discuss unwanted effects or concerns with the prescriber.

Seek immediate help if you might harm yourself, cannot stay safe, hear or see things others do not, or feel unable to care for basic needs. Contact a trusted person and local emergency services or a crisis service, and do not remain alone during an immediate safety concern. Prompt clinical review is appropriate when symptoms are worsening or daily functioning is falling.

Could these symptoms be depression or another condition? What treatment options fit my situation? How can we monitor sleep, energy and mood, and what should I do if I feel unsafe?