What should you know about pediatric conjunctivitis treatment?

Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the thin surface covering the eye. A child may have a red eye, watery or sticky discharge, itching, irritation, or eyelids that stick together after sleep. Viruses, bacteria, allergy, or irritation can cause similar-looking symptoms. A red eye does not by itself show which cause is present, and antibiotics do not treat viral or allergic inflammation.

Children can spread infectious conjunctivitis by touching their eyes and then shared objects. Handwashing, separate towels, and avoiding eye rubbing can reduce spread. Clean discharge gently with a fresh damp pad for each eye, moving from the inner corner outward.

Arrange a GP consultation if discharge is thick, symptoms affect both eyes, the child is very young, or the problem is not settling. A clinician may recommend lubricating drops, allergy treatment, or antibiotic treatment when bacterial infection is considered. Use only products advised for the child and do not share eye drops. Encourage handwashing before and after touching the eyes, and avoid contact lenses until a clinician says they are safe.

Seek urgent care for eye pain, light sensitivity, blurred or reduced vision, swelling around the eye, difficulty moving the eye, an eye injury or chemical exposure, or a child who appears very unwell. Prompt assessment is particularly important when a newborn has red eyes or discharge. These signs may indicate a problem deeper than uncomplicated conjunctivitis.

Ask what cause is most likely, whether the child needs antibiotic treatment, how to clean the eyes, when school or nursery attendance is appropriate, and which changes require urgent review.