Otitis externa signs and symptoms: what to know

Otitis externa is inflammation or infection in the outer ear canal. The ear may hurt when the outer ear or the small flap at its entrance is moved. Itching can come before soreness. Swelling and debris may make sounds seem muffled, while fluid can leak from the canal.

These features can overlap with other ear problems, so symptoms alone cannot confirm the cause. A clinician may need to inspect the canal and eardrum, particularly when discharge or hearing change is present.

Keep the ear dry and avoid swimming until symptoms have been assessed. Do not insert cotton buds, fingers, oils, or unprescribed drops. Wipe fluid from the outer ear only. A pharmacist can advise about suitable pain relief, while a GP can check whether medicated drops are needed and safe.

Seek prompt care if pain is severe or worsening, swelling spreads around the ear, fever develops, discharge is bloody, hearing changes substantially, or you feel dizzy. Facial weakness needs urgent assessment. People with diabetes or reduced immunity should seek advice early even when symptoms seem limited.

Ask what part of the ear is affected, whether the eardrum is intact, how to use any prescribed drops, and which changes mean you need a further review. Mention recent swimming, scratching, earbuds, or ear products.