What should you know about oral rehydration ORS?

ORS is a carefully balanced drink made by dissolving an oral rehydration salts sachet in safe water. Its glucose and electrolytes help the intestine absorb fluid more effectively than plain water alone during fluid loss. It does not stop diarrhoea or treat the infection causing it, but it can reduce the risk of dehydration while the illness settles.

It may be useful during illnesses such as diarrhoea or gastroenteritis, after food poisoning, or during heat exhaustion. Dehydration can cause thirst, a dry mouth, darker urine, tiredness or dizziness.

Follow the sachet instructions exactly, including the stated water volume. Use clean, safe drinking water and stir until dissolved; do not make the mixture stronger or weaker. Prepare a fresh batch as directed on the packaging, and discard it when that guidance says to. Take frequent small sips, especially if nausea is present. Continue breastfeeding or usual age-appropriate food where possible. Avoid using fizzy drinks, undiluted juice or homemade mixtures as substitutes, because their sugar and salt balance may be unsuitable.

Seek urgent medical help if the person cannot keep fluids down, is unusually sleepy or confused, faints, has severe dizziness, passes very little urine, has blood in vomit or stool, or has severe abdominal pain. Babies, older adults, pregnant people and those with significant medical conditions can become dehydrated quickly and should be assessed early. Medical review is also needed when diarrhoea or vomiting is persistent, worsening, or follows recent travel or a suspected outbreak.

Ask which ORS product and amount suit the person’s age, weight and medical conditions; whether medicines or kidney or heart problems change the advice; and which signs mean home fluids are no longer enough.