What should you know about ophthalmic melanoma?

Melanoma can arise from pigment-producing cells in the eye. Some people notice blurred or reduced vision, flashes, floaters, a shadow in the field of view, a visible change in the iris, or eye discomfort; others have no early symptoms. These symptoms can also have non-cancerous causes, so they do not establish a diagnosis.

Assessment may include a dilated eye examination and imaging. The team considers the tumour’s site, size, involvement of nearby structures, and whether there is evidence of spread before recommending care.

Arrange prompt review with an ophthalmologist if you have a new visual change or a changing pigmented area of the eye. Treatment may involve focused radiation, laser-based approaches, surgery, or systemic treatment, depending on the findings. Ask how each option may affect vision, appearance, and daily activities.

Keep copies of eye scans and pathology reports, and attend the follow-up schedule offered by the specialist. Monitoring can check the treated eye and look for recurrence or spread.

Seek urgent eye care for sudden vision loss, severe eye pain, a new curtain-like shadow, marked redness with headache, or vomiting. Contact the treating team promptly for worsening vision, new flashes or floaters, or symptoms after treatment.

Where is the melanoma located? Which scans or biopsy are needed? What are the treatment choices and vision effects? How will follow-up check the eye and other organs?