Non-melanoma skin: what to know

The phrase distinguishes cancers such as basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma from melanoma, which begins in pigment-producing cells. Skin cancer can appear as a sore that does not heal, a scaly or crusted patch, a pearly growth, or a spot that bleeds or changes. These signs can also have benign explanations, so a symptom does not establish a diagnosis. A clinician may use magnification and remove part or all of a lesion for laboratory examination.

Arrange a dermatology assessment for a lesion that persists, enlarges, repeatedly crusts, bleeds, or changes in colour, border, or texture. Bring a list of medicines and mention previous skin cancers, immune suppression, and substantial sun exposure. If cancer is confirmed, treatment may include surgical excision or another form of skin cancer surgery. The plan depends on the tumour type, location, size, depth, and whether it has spread. Follow-up helps detect new or returning changes.

Seek prompt assessment for a rapidly changing, bleeding, ulcerated, painful, or infected-looking lesion, especially if it is near the eye, nose, mouth, or another area where tissue preservation matters. Seek urgent care for uncontrolled bleeding, severe swelling, fever, or new neurological symptoms. Do not wait for a lesion to become painful before arranging review.

Does this lesion need a biopsy? If cancer is found, what type and stage is it? Would excision or another skin cancer operation be suitable? Is lymph-node assessment relevant? What follow-up schedule and skin self-checks should I use?