What should you know about non invasive melanoma?

Melanoma begins in pigment-producing cells. When abnormal cells remain within the top skin layer, clinicians may describe the disease as in situ or non-invasive. That wording describes the depth and behaviour identified at assessment; it is not a reason to ignore a changing mark. A diagnosis normally depends on examining the lesion and, when appropriate, removing tissue for laboratory analysis. A mole that changes in colour, border, size, or sensation deserves attention, although a skin change does not by itself establish melanoma.

Read more about [Melanoma](/conditions/melanoma/) and the features a clinician may assess.

Arrange a dermatology assessment for a new or changing pigmented lesion, especially one that bleeds, crusts, itches persistently, or looks different from your other marks. Bring a list of medicines and note when you first noticed the change. If melanoma is suspected, the clinician may recommend complete removal with a margin of surrounding skin. Further planning depends on the laboratory report and whether deeper or nearby tissue is involved. A sentinel lymph node biopsy may be discussed only when the clinical situation calls for staging.

Potential procedures include [Surgical Excision](/treatments/surgical-dermatology/excisional-surgery/) and [Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy](/treatments/diagnostics-and-staging/sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy/).

Book a prompt clinical review for a changing mole or pigmented patch rather than monitoring it indefinitely at home. Seek urgent care for uncontrolled bleeding, rapidly increasing swelling, severe pain, or symptoms suggesting a serious illness such as fainting or breathing difficulty. A confirmed melanoma needs an organised treatment and follow-up plan; later care can include surveillance, and advanced disease may involve specialist medicines.

Follow-up information is available under [Follow-Up After Cancer Treatment](/treatments/survivorship-and-rehabilitation/post-treatment-surveillance/), while [Immunotherapy](/treatments/systemic-therapy/immunotherapy/) may be relevant in selected situations.

Ask what the biopsy or excision showed, whether the margins are clear, whether staging is needed, how the scar should be cared for, and which skin changes should trigger your next review.