What should you know about my period has become irregular?

A cycle may be irregular when bleeding comes earlier or later than expected, lasts a different length, or is unusually light or heavy. Anovulation means an egg is not released and can lead to unpredictable bleeding. Perimenopause, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, stress, illness, weight changes, intense exercise and some medicines can also alter cycles.

The change itself does not identify one diagnosis. Pregnancy, thyroid problems and contraception may need consideration, depending on your circumstances and symptoms.

Use a calendar or app to record bleeding dates, flow, pain, spotting, medicines, contraception and pregnancy possibility. Note acne, increased facial hair, hot flushes, vaginal symptoms, headaches or changes in weight. Take a list of medicines and supplements to your appointment.

A clinician may discuss a pregnancy test, examination or blood tests. Treatment depends on the cause and goals; options can include the combined pill for suitable patients or metformin for some people with polycystic ovary syndrome. Do not start either without individual advice.

Arrange an appointment for repeated irregularity, bleeding between periods, bleeding after sex, persistent pelvic pain or symptoms suggesting hormone change. Seek urgent care for very heavy bleeding, fainting, severe pain, fever, or dizziness with possible pregnancy.

Could I be having anovulation, perimenopause or polycystic ovary syndrome? Should pregnancy or thyroid problems be checked? Which treatment would protect my health and fit my contraception or pregnancy plans?