My husband has chronic kidney disease

The kidneys filter waste, balance fluids and minerals, and help regulate blood pressure and red blood cell production. Chronic kidney disease means this function has been reduced or abnormal over time. The outlook depends on the cause and the amount of kidney function remaining; a diagnosis does not by itself describe the stage or predict what will happen.

High blood pressure and type 2 diabetes are common conditions linked with kidney damage. Reduced kidney function can contribute to fatigue, anaemia, itching, swelling, changes in urination, or excessive thirst, although some people notice very little.

Help him keep appointments and record blood pressure, weight changes, swelling, urine changes, and symptoms. Encourage the treatment plan, balanced meals suited to his kidney function, and the fluid advice given by his clinician. Do not add painkillers, herbal products, protein supplements, or over-the-counter medicines without checking first, because some can strain the kidneys or build up in the body.

Ask the care team which blood and urine results they are following, including kidney filtration, protein in urine, potassium, and haemoglobin. A written medicine list can prevent duplicated or unsuitable doses.

Get urgent medical help for severe breathlessness, chest pain, fainting, new confusion, very little or no urine, rapidly worsening swelling, persistent vomiting, or marked weakness. Contact his clinician promptly for a sudden change in urine, fever with illness, new pain, or a quick change in weight or blood pressure.

What caused his kidney disease, and what stage is it? Which medicines and foods need review? What fluid intake is suitable for him? Which symptoms should prompt a call, and how often should his blood and urine be checked?