Moles Appearing on the Body: What to Know

New moles can be harmless, but a mole that appears or changes should be checked for its colour, shape, border and behaviour. Moles, also called melanocytic naevi or beauty spots, form when pigment-producing skin cells grow together. They may be flat or raised and can occur on skin that is exposed to the sun or covered by clothing. A new spot cannot be judged safely from appearance alone, especially when it is changing.

Moles can develop as the skin changes over time, and sun exposure may contribute to the development of new pigmented spots. Some remain stable for years. A mole that becomes darker, develops several shades, grows, develops an uneven outline, or looks different from your other moles deserves professional attention. Itching, bleeding, crusting or soreness can also be useful details to report. These features do not diagnose skin cancer, but they help a dermatologist decide whether the spot needs closer examination or a sample.

Look at the spot in good light and note where it is, when you first noticed it and whether it has changed. A dated photograph beside a familiar object can help you compare its appearance later, without repeatedly irritating the skin. Check less visible areas such as the scalp, back, soles and between the fingers, or ask someone you trust to help. Use broad sun protection, avoid deliberate tanning, and do not cut, burn or pick at a mole. A clinician can examine it with magnification and discuss observation, removal or testing if appropriate.

Arrange a dermatology appointment for a new mole that is noticeably changing, stands out from the rest, or has an irregular outline or uneven colour. Seek prompt medical advice if it bleeds without being rubbed, forms a persistent crust, becomes painful, or repeatedly itches. A mole under a nail, on the scalp or in another hard-to-see place still needs the same attention. If a spot is rapidly changing or bleeding heavily, contact an urgent medical service. Do not wait for symptoms to become severe before arranging an assessment.

Ask: Does this spot need monitoring, dermoscopic examination or removal? Which changes should make me contact you sooner? How should I photograph and check it? If removal is recommended, will the tissue be sent for laboratory examination, and what result should I expect afterwards?