What does menopause mean?

Menopause combines roots meaning month or month-related timing and cessation. In healthcare, it describes the point when menstrual periods have stopped because ovarian hormone activity has changed. It is identified retrospectively after a sustained period without a period, when no other explanation is present. Perimenopause is the changing phase before that point; postmenopause is the time afterwards.

The word describes a reproductive milestone, not a single experience. Some people notice hot flushes, sleep disruption, vaginal dryness, mood changes, or changes in sexual desire, while others have few symptoms. [Periods Stopped](/symptoms/periods-stopped/) is therefore a key part of the definition, but symptom severity varies.

Use the distinction when describing your cycle and symptoms: say whether periods are irregular, have stopped, or changed after a treatment or procedure. Record bleeding, sleep, temperature symptoms, mood, and pain. This gives a clinician useful context and prevents every new symptom being attributed to menopause automatically.

For a broader overview, see [Menopause](/conditions/menopause/). Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, medical history, age at onset, and personal preferences, not on the word itself.

Arrange an assessment for bleeding after menopause, unexpected bleeding, severe pelvic pain, or symptoms that rapidly change. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding with dizziness or faintness, severe pain, chest symptoms, or sudden neurological changes. Menopause-related symptoms can be manageable, but new or concerning symptoms still need their own evaluation.

Am I in perimenopause, menopause, or postmenopause? Could another condition explain my bleeding or symptoms? Which options fit my health history?