What should you know about melanoma removal surgery?

The surgeon removes the visible melanoma and a surrounding area of skin to address cells that may extend beyond what can be seen. The wound may be closed directly or require a more involved repair depending on its size and location. The removed tissue is examined by a laboratory.

The pathology report helps show whether melanoma is present, how deeply it extends, and whether the edges are clear. Some people need a second procedure if the margin is not adequate. Sentinel lymph-node biopsy may be discussed for selected melanomas as part of staging, not as a replacement for removing the primary lesion.

Tell the surgical team about medicines, allergies, bleeding problems, and previous reactions to anaesthesia. Follow instructions about cleaning, dressing, activity, and keeping the wound dry. Mild soreness, bruising, swelling, or tightness can occur; use only the pain relief advised for you.

Attend the wound check and pathology discussion. Once healed, protect the scar from strong sun and continue skin surveillance. If melanoma has spread or has features that raise concern, your team may discuss immunotherapy or other oncology care in addition to surgery.

Contact the surgical team for increasing pain, spreading redness, warmth, pus, wound separation, fever, or bleeding that continues despite firm pressure. Seek urgent help for heavy bleeding, fainting, breathing difficulty, or a rapidly worsening allergic reaction. Do not wait for a routine appointment when these occur.

Ask how much skin is expected to be removed, how the wound will be closed, what the pathology report will assess, and when results will be available. Ask whether lymph-node staging is relevant, how to care for the scar, and which symptoms need an urgent call.