What should you know about melanoma prevention?

Ultraviolet radiation can damage the DNA of skin cells and contributes to melanoma risk. Protection matters during bright outdoor conditions and for people who burn easily, have many moles, or have a personal or family history of melanoma. Prevention lowers avoidable exposure but cannot remove every possible cause. Melanoma can develop on skin that receives little sun, so protecting exposed skin should be paired with awareness of the whole body.

Use shade, tightly woven clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and broad-spectrum sunscreen on uncovered skin; reapply as directed, especially after swimming or sweating. Avoid sunbeds and deliberate tanning. Check your skin regularly in a consistent order, using mirrors or help for the scalp, back, and other less visible areas. Track a mole that looks different from the rest, and arrange a skin examination when a mark is new or changing. Keep children protected from intense sun exposure as well.

Book a prompt appointment for a mole or spot that changes in size, shape, colour, or surface, or one that repeatedly itches, crusts, bleeds, or fails to heal. Arrange regular clinician-led checks if you have had melanoma, have numerous unusual moles, or have a strong family history. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding that will not stop with direct pressure.

Ask how often your skin should be examined, which areas are difficult to monitor, and whether a family history changes your plan. Ask for guidance on sunscreen and protective clothing suited to your skin, climate, medicines, and daily routine. Confirm how to photograph and monitor a specific mole.