What should you know about melanoma cell?

Melanoma begins in melanocytes, the cells that make pigment. A cluster of abnormal cells may form a changing mole or a darker patch, but colour alone cannot identify cancer. A biopsy lets a pathologist examine the cells and the surrounding tissue. The report helps show how deeply the cells extend and whether removal has clear edges.

Explore [Melanoma](/conditions/melanoma/) for the condition overview. If melanoma cells travel beyond the original site, the pattern of spread determines further testing and treatment; [Brain Metastases](/conditions/brain-metastases/) is one example of a distant site.

Do not scratch, burn, or try to remove a suspicious mole at home. Arrange a skin examination, bring a list of medicines, and mention previous skin cancers or a family history. A clinician may recommend [Surgical Excision](/treatments/surgical-dermatology/excisional-surgery/) and may discuss lymph-node assessment when the pathology findings make it relevant.

Book medical review for a mark that changes, bleeds, crusts, becomes sore, or differs from nearby moles. After a diagnosis, urgently report new severe headache, weakness, seizure, confusion, vision change, or trouble speaking. A sudden or severe neurological symptom needs emergency assessment.

Ask whether the biopsy confirms melanoma, what the depth and margins show, whether additional surgery is needed, and whether scans or node testing are appropriate. Ask how the treatment team will monitor for new or returning disease and whether [Immunotherapy](/treatments/systemic-therapy/immunotherapy/) is relevant.