Medicine that prevents nausea: what to know

Anti-nausea medicines, sometimes called antiemetics, act on signals between the stomach, the balance system in the inner ear, and the brain. Some reduce the urge to vomit; others calm nausea linked to travel, migraine, medicines, or irritation of the digestive system. They do not treat every underlying cause. Nausea may occur with food poisoning, gastroenteritis, gastritis, acid reflux, gallstones, heat exhaustion, hepatitis A, or low blood sugar. A clinician or pharmacist can help match treatment to the pattern of symptoms.

Follow the label or prescription, and check before combining an anti-nausea product with sleeping tablets, sedating antihistamines, alcohol, or other medicines that make you drowsy. Some products can cause sleepiness, blurred vision, constipation, or dizziness, so avoid driving until you know how you respond. Sip fluids often and try small, plain meals if tolerated. Do not use leftover prescription medicine for a new illness, and ask about suitability if you are pregnant, have glaucoma, heart rhythm problems, or take regular medicines.

Get urgent medical help for severe or persistent abdominal pain, vomit containing blood or material like coffee grounds, confusion, fainting, severe headache with a stiff neck, chest pain, or trouble breathing. Seek prompt advice if you cannot keep fluids down, pass very little urine, or have signs of dehydration such as marked weakness and a dry mouth. Children, older adults, and people with diabetes can become unwell more quickly.

Ask which cause is most likely, how long to use the medicine, whether it may make you sleepy, and what to do if vomiting continues. Take a list of medicines and supplements to the consultation.