Mastitis: clearing a blocked milk duct

Mastitis is inflammation in breast tissue. During breastfeeding, swelling around a milk duct can make one area feel firm, tender, warm, or swollen. The sensation may be described as a plugged duct, but forcefully trying to empty or massage the area can irritate the tissue further. Mastitis can occur with or without a bacterial infection, so a painful area does not by itself show which type is present.

You can usually continue feeding or expressing if it is comfortable. Milk from an inflamed breast is generally suitable for your baby, and stopping suddenly may increase fullness and discomfort. A shallow latch, pressure from tight clothing, or a long gap between feeds may contribute to difficult milk drainage.

Feed responsively and let your baby attach as deeply as possible. Express only enough milk to relieve uncomfortable fullness; repeated pumping to completely empty the breast can maintain inflammation. Use a cold pack wrapped in cloth for short periods between feeds, wear a supportive but non-compressive bra, and rest when you can. Simple pain relief may help if it is suitable for you; check the label or ask a pharmacist if you are pregnant, have another condition, or take regular medicines.

Avoid deep massage, vibrating devices, tight pressure, and heat that leaves the breast more swollen. A lactation consultant can watch a feed, assess attachment, and help you choose a comfortable feeding or expressing pattern. More information is available about [Lactation Consultation](/treatments/pregnancy-and-birth-care/lactation-consultation/).

Arrange medical advice promptly if you feel feverish or unwell, develop chills, notice redness spreading, or have increasing breast pain or swelling. Seek urgent assessment if you are very weak, confused, unable to keep fluids down, or notice a rapidly enlarging, very painful lump. If symptoms are not clearly improving after a short period of gentle care, contact a clinician; you may need an examination and treatment for infection or an abscess.

Breast pain can have causes other than mastitis. You can read more about [Breast Pain](/symptoms/breast-pain/) and [Painful Breastfeeding](/symptoms/painful-breastfeeding/) while arranging appropriate advice.

Ask: Could this be inflammation, infection, or an abscess? Is my baby’s latch or feeding pattern contributing? Should I change how often I feed or express? Which pain medicines are compatible with breastfeeding for me? What symptoms should make me return sooner?