Management of olecranon bursitis

The olecranon bursa is a small fluid-filled sac over the point of the elbow. Repeated leaning, a knock, inflammatory conditions, or infection can make it swell. The swelling may be soft or tense, and elbow movement can be uncomfortable even when the joint itself is not the main problem. A clinician examines the skin, warmth, tenderness, movement, and general health to distinguish irritation from infection. Read more about related [Elbow Pain](/symptoms/elbow-pain/).

Avoid leaning directly on the elbow and protect it from repeated knocks with comfortable padding. Rest from activities that increase pressure, use a cold pack wrapped in cloth for short periods, and keep the arm moving gently within comfort. A clinician may discuss [Anti-Inflammatory Medication](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/anti-inflammatory-medication/) when appropriate. If fluid is substantial or infection needs checking, [Joint Aspiration](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/joint-aspiration/) may be considered. Repeated or persistent swelling can prompt a surgical discussion about [Bursa Removal](/treatments/reconstructive-orthopedic-surgery/bursa-removal/).

Arrange prompt medical assessment if the elbow becomes hot, increasingly red, rapidly more swollen, or much more painful, especially with fever, chills, feeling unwell, or drainage. An open cut over the swelling also needs review because bacteria can enter the bursa. Seek urgent help for severe pain with inability to move the elbow, new hand weakness, or a pale or blue hand.

Ask whether the swelling appears irritated or infected, whether fluid testing is useful, and which activities should be paused. Ask how to protect the elbow at work or during sport, how medication fits your health history, and when aspiration or bursa removal would be reasonable if the swelling returns.