Main symptoms of food poisoning

Symptoms can begin after a short or longer interval, depending on the cause. Cramping abdominal pain may occur with loose stools, while vomiting can be the dominant problem. Fever, chills, headache, or body aches may accompany an infection. Several illnesses can look similar, so the timing of symptoms, recent meals, travel, and whether others are ill can help a clinician assess the situation. Symptoms alone cannot identify a particular germ.

Take frequent small sips of water or oral rehydration solution, especially after vomiting or diarrhoea. Eat light foods when you feel able and rest. Wash hands carefully and avoid preparing food for others while unwell. Do not take anti-diarrhoea medicine without advice if you have blood in the stool or a high fever. Medical treatment may include supervised oral rehydration therapy or IV fluid therapy when fluid loss is substantial.

Contact a clinician promptly for bloody diarrhoea, severe or worsening abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, persistent fever, or symptoms of dehydration such as dizziness and very little urine. Seek emergency help for confusion, collapse, severe weakness, or inability to keep fluids down. Infants, older adults, pregnant people, and those with significant medical conditions should seek advice sooner.

Ask whether you need testing, how to replace fluids, which foods or medicines to avoid, and when it is safe to return to work, school, or food preparation.