What should you know about lymphoma and melanoma?

Lymphoma may involve lymph nodes, blood or organs of the immune system. Melanoma commonly starts in a changing pigmented area of skin, although it can arise in less visible sites. A swollen node, night sweats or a changing mole can have causes other than cancer; the symptom does not establish the diagnosis. Examination and tissue testing help clinicians identify the condition.

The work-up may include a skin or lymph-node examination, blood tests, imaging and a biopsy. A PET-CT scan can help show active areas and guide staging when lymphoma is suspected. The treatment plan depends on the cancer type, extent, location and your general health.

Arrange a clinical review for a new or changing mole, a persistent enlarged node, unexplained fever or drenching night sweats. Bring a list of medicines and note when the change began. Do not remove or repeatedly irritate a suspicious skin lesion yourself.

Ask whether a biopsy is needed and what the result will clarify. Depending on the diagnosis, care may involve chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy or specialist cellular treatment. A lymphoma overview can help you prepare for that discussion.

Seek urgent medical help for severe breathing difficulty, confusion, fainting, uncontrolled bleeding or rapidly worsening weakness. Contact your treating team promptly for fever during cancer treatment, new severe pain, or inability to keep fluids down.

Which diagnosis is being considered, and what tissue test would confirm it? What examinations or scans are needed next? Which treatment aims are realistic for this disease and stage? How should I report fever, skin changes or new swelling?