Symptoms when lung cancer spreads to the brain

Brain involvement may present with a new or changing headache, nausea or vomiting, a seizure, weakness or numbness on one side, balance trouble, vision or speech changes, unusual sleepiness, or changes in memory, mood, or behaviour. The exact symptom depends partly on the area affected and pressure around it.

These symptoms do not establish that cancer has spread. Migraine, infection, medication effects, stroke, and other neurological conditions can look similar. Doctors usually combine a neurological examination with brain imaging and an assessment of the known lung cancer.

Record when the change began, whether it is worsening, and what happened before and after it. Tell the oncology team promptly about any new neurological symptom, even if it settles. After a seizure, keep the person safe on their side, clear nearby hazards, and do not place anything in their mouth.

If imaging confirms brain metastases, care may include medicines to reduce swelling or control seizures, radiotherapy, surgery in selected cases, and treatment aimed at cancer elsewhere. Palliative Care and rehabilitation can support movement, communication, fatigue, and daily activities.

Call emergency services for a first seizure, a seizure that does not stop, sudden facial drooping or one-sided weakness, new difficulty speaking, severe sudden headache, repeated vomiting, or reduced consciousness. Do not drive after a seizure or sudden neurological deficit.

Ask which symptoms need same-day review, whether brain imaging is required, and how medicines may affect alertness or balance. If spread is confirmed, ask what the scan shows, which treatment targets symptoms, and how you can access rehabilitation or home support.