What should you know about a low albumin blood test?

Albumin is a protein made mainly by the liver. It helps keep fluid within blood vessels and carries some substances through the bloodstream. A lower result can occur when the body makes less albumin, loses protein through the kidneys or bowel, uses more during inflammation, or does not absorb or receive enough nutrition. A single result does not identify one condition by itself.

Your clinician may review liver and kidney tests, urine protein, blood counts, digestive symptoms, swelling, recent illness, and changes in eating. Conditions such as Chronic Kidney Disease, Coeliac Disease, Crohn's Disease, or prolonged inflammation can be considered when the wider picture supports them.

Take the report to the clinician who ordered it and ask whether the result should be repeated or paired with other tests. Mention recent infection, diarrhoea, vomiting, weight change, reduced food intake, swelling, or a change in urine. Do not start protein supplements or make a major diet change without advice, especially if kidney or liver problems are possible.

Keep a record of medicines and supplements, including non-prescription products. The next step may be monitoring, investigating a possible source of protein loss, or treating the underlying illness rather than treating the albumin number alone.

Arrange prompt medical advice for new or worsening swelling of the legs or abdomen, breathlessness, persistent vomiting or diarrhoea, yellowing of the skin, very low urine output, or difficulty eating and drinking. Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, confusion, fainting, or sudden deterioration.

Ask: What was my albumin result in relation to the laboratory range? Could inflammation, kidney loss, liver function, or nutrition explain it? Which accompanying tests matter? Should I change my diet or repeat the test, and when should I contact you sooner?