What should you know about liver function tests in dogs?

Veterinarians consider whether the pattern suggests liver-cell injury, bile obstruction or a change in the liver's processing work. Enzymes can also rise from tissues outside the liver, and some young dogs or breeds have results that need specialist interpretation. Further tests may include urine assessment, imaging or a more specific bile-acid assessment. Your vet will explain what is relevant for your dog.

Give the veterinary team a list of medicines, supplements, recent foods, possible toxins and changes in appetite, thirst, urine, stools or behaviour. Ask whether food should be withheld before sampling; follow the clinic's instructions because preparation varies with the tests. Never give human medicine or attempt a home detox. Bring details of any vomiting, weight change or possible exposure to chemicals.

Contact a veterinarian urgently if your dog has repeated vomiting, collapse, seizures, confusion, yellow gums or eyes, a swollen painful abdomen, severe weakness or cannot keep water down. A dog may need immediate assessment even before blood results return. If signs are mild, arrange the recommended recheck and monitor eating, drinking, urination and behaviour.

Which markers changed, and what does their combination suggest? Could a medicine, toxin or non-liver problem explain it? Does my dog need fasting, imaging or a repeat sample? Which signs mean I should use emergency care?