What should you know about light seizure?

A seizure does not always involve dramatic shaking. Someone may stare, stop responding, make repeated movements, lose awareness briefly or feel confused afterwards. Possible triggers or causes include low blood glucose, alcohol withdrawal, infection affecting the brain, sleep loss or an existing neurological condition. [Hypoglycaemia](/conditions/hypoglycaemia/), [Alcohol Use Disorder](/conditions/alcohol-use-disorder/) and [Meningitis](/conditions/meningitis/) are examples of conditions that need clinical consideration; a seizure-like episode can also have other explanations.

Keep the person away from traffic, stairs and sharp objects. Cushion the head, loosen tight clothing around the neck, and turn them onto their side when safe. Note when the episode begins and ends, and stay with them as awareness returns. Do not restrain movements, put anything in the mouth, give food or drink during the event, or try to force the jaw open. Afterward, offer calm reassurance and arrange medical advice.

Call emergency services if the seizure lasts longer than expected, repeats without full recovery, causes a serious injury, happens in water, affects breathing, occurs during pregnancy, or is the person's first known seizure. Urgent help is also needed with fever, severe headache, stiff neck, a new rash, persistent confusion or marked weakness. Do not leave the person alone or drive them yourself if they remain drowsy or confused.

What did witnesses notice, and could a medicine, alcohol change, illness or low glucose have contributed? Do I need neurological tests or safety advice for driving and work?