Leg swelling below the knee

Swelling on both sides that builds during the day may reflect circulation, prolonged sitting, or general fluid retention. Varicose veins can cause aching, itching, or a heavy feeling. Swelling around one knee after a twist or impact may relate to a joint or soft-tissue injury. Kidney or heart conditions can also contribute to swelling in the legs, but leg swelling alone cannot identify one of these conditions. Note whether the skin feels tight, whether pressing leaves a temporary dent, and whether the area is hot or red.

If the swelling is mild and there is no injury or warning sign, elevate the leg while resting, move your ankles regularly, and avoid sitting with the knee bent for long stretches. Comfortable footwear and gradual movement may reduce stiffness. Do not massage a painful, warm, or suddenly swollen leg, and do not begin compression garments until a clinician has checked that they are suitable. Compare both legs and record changes for your appointment.

Seek same-day medical advice for new swelling in one leg, especially with calf pain, warmth, redness, or tenderness. Get emergency help if swelling occurs with breathlessness, chest pain, faintness, or coughing blood. Arrange a routine assessment if swelling keeps returning, limits walking, follows an injury, or comes with reduced urine, unusual tiredness, or breathlessness when lying down.

Ask what examination or scan may clarify the cause, whether your medicines can contribute, and whether you should use compression or change your activity. Tell the clinician when it began, whether it is one-sided, and what makes it better or worse.