What should you know about left and right sided heart failure?

The left side sends oxygen-rich blood around the body. When it cannot pump or fill effectively, pressure may build in the lungs, causing breathlessness, a cough, reduced exercise tolerance and fatigue. The right side sends blood towards the lungs. When it struggles, fluid may collect in the legs, ankles or abdomen, causing swelling, weight changes or a feeling of fullness.

The two patterns often overlap because pressure changes on one side can affect the other. Atrial Fibrillation and Hypertension can contribute to heart strain, but symptoms such as Palpitations, Cough or Swollen Ankles have many possible causes. Assessment may include examination, blood tests, an ECG and heart imaging.

Take prescribed medicines as directed and do not stop them suddenly. Keep a record of breathlessness, swelling, dizziness, sleep position and any change from your usual activity. Follow the fluid, salt, activity and daily-weight advice given for your condition; these instructions need to be individualised. A Chronic Disease Review can check symptoms, medicines, blood pressure, kidney function and the care plan.

Call emergency services for severe breathlessness at rest, chest pressure, fainting, blue or grey lips, new confusion, or coughing up pink frothy fluid. Contact your care team promptly if swelling rapidly worsens, breathing becomes harder when lying down, or you cannot manage your usual activities.

Ask which side or pumping function is affected, what your symptoms may indicate, how to monitor fluid changes, and when to adjust or review treatment. Confirm which number to call outside clinic hours.