Knee Replacement Surgery for Arthritis

Knee osteoarthritis can wear down the smooth surfaces that let the joint move. Pain, stiffness, knee clicking and grinding, giving way, difficulty walking or difficulty climbing stairs may gradually restrict work, sleep or self-care. Surgery is considered after the symptoms, examination and effect on daily life have been reviewed, rather than from an image alone.

The operation removes selected damaged surfaces and places components that allow the joint to move. The surgeon will explain whether a total replacement is appropriate, what implant materials are planned and which risks apply to your health.

Bring a list of medicines, allergies and other conditions. Discuss weight-bearing, home support, wound care, pain relief, physiotherapy and the activities you hope to resume. Strengthening the leg beforehand may be useful when it is safe, and planning the home environment can make the first weeks easier.

Ask how alternatives such as physiotherapy, activity changes, injections or walking aids fit your situation. A torn ACL, Baker's Cyst or Meniscus Tear may affect assessment, but each finding needs to be interpreted with your symptoms and examination.

Before surgery, report a new infection, open wound, sudden calf swelling or a major change in symptoms. After surgery, seek urgent help for breathlessness, chest pain, fever, spreading wound redness, drainage, uncontrolled pain or a cold, pale or numb foot.

Ask what evidence your symptoms provide for surgery, which replacement is proposed, how long rehabilitation may take, and what movement limits apply. Confirm who to call if pain, swelling or wound changes develop after discharge.