What is keratosis pilaris?

Keratin is a protein in the outer layer of skin. In keratosis pilaris, keratin can collect around hair follicles and form tiny plugs. The skin may feel rough even when the bumps are difficult to see. Colour varies with skin tone and may include skin-coloured, pink, red-brown, or darker spots.

The outer upper arms and thighs are frequent sites, although cheeks, buttocks, and other areas can be involved. Itching is possible, especially when skin is dry, but many people notice texture more than discomfort. It is not contagious and is different from [Skin Bumps](/symptoms/skin-bumps/) caused by every other condition.

Use a gentle cleanser and moisturise after bathing. Avoid hot water, harsh scrubs, picking, and friction from rough clothing. Products containing ingredients such as urea or other keratin-softening moisturisers may smooth the surface over time. [Emollient Therapy](/treatments/medical-dermatology/emollient-therapy/) describes the role of moisturising in supporting the skin barrier.

If home care is not enough, a dermatologist may consider [Topical Retinoids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-retinoids/), a [Chemical Peel](/treatments/aesthetic-procedures/chemical-peel/), or another plan. Hair removal can sometimes irritate follicular skin, so discuss technique before considering [Laser Hair Removal](/treatments/laser-and-energy/laser-hair-removal/).

See a clinician if the bumps are painful, warm, pus-filled, rapidly changing, or associated with marked swelling. An assessment is also useful when the pattern is new, one-sided, very itchy, or not responding to gentle moisturising. These features can point to another condition, including [Ingrown Hairs](/symptoms/ingrown-hairs/).

Does the distribution and texture fit keratosis pilaris? Which moisturiser or active ingredient should I try first? How can I reduce irritation from shaving or exfoliation? What changes would mean I should return for review?