Is breast reconstruction done with tissue expander?

A tissue expander is an adjustable device placed beneath chest tissue or muscle during an operation. After the wound begins to heal, the team adds small amounts of fluid during clinic visits. This gradually stretches the surrounding tissue to create space for a later implant. The process takes place over time, so the chest may feel tight after an expansion visit. A tissue expander is usually temporary rather than the final reconstruction. Some people may be offered direct implant reconstruction or reconstruction using their own tissue instead, depending on skin quality, previous treatment and surgical goals.

Ask how many operations are expected, how expansions are scheduled, and when the expander might be exchanged for an implant. Discuss the effect of mastectomy, scars, radiotherapy and healing on the plan. Tell the surgeon about medical conditions, medicines and previous operations. Before each visit, note tightness, pain, redness or changes in the wound so the team can decide whether the next expansion should proceed.

Contact the surgical team promptly if the wound becomes increasingly red, hot, swollen or painful, or if there is drainage, fever, wound separation or a sudden change in the expander's position. Difficulty breathing, chest pain or fainting needs urgent medical help. New tightness after expansion can occur, but severe or persistent discomfort should be assessed rather than managed by changing the schedule yourself.

Why is a tissue expander recommended for me? What will the expansion visits involve? When could the final implant be placed? Which symptoms require a same-day call?