Irritated throat causing cough: what to know

A cough may begin in the throat rather than deep in the chest. A cold can inflame the upper airway, while nasal drainage can run towards the throat and keep provoking a cough. Acute bronchitis may cause cough after a respiratory infection. Reflux can irritate the throat even without obvious heartburn. Allergic rhinitis may bring sneezing, a blocked or runny nose and throat clearing. Asthma can cause cough or wheeze, especially with exercise, cold air or at night. The pattern, duration and accompanying symptoms help a clinician distinguish these possibilities.

Sip fluids regularly and choose warm drinks if they feel soothing. Honey may ease cough for adults and children over one year, but it is not suitable for infants. Avoid smoke, vaping, strong fragrances and very dry air. Saline nasal rinsing can help clear mucus when post-nasal drainage is present; use sterile or previously boiled and cooled water as directed. Rest your voice and avoid repeated forceful throat clearing. A pharmacist can discuss an appropriate lozenge or medicine, taking your age, pregnancy, medical conditions and other medicines into account.

Seek urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, blue or grey lips, confusion, coughing blood, or sudden swelling of the lips, tongue or throat. Arrange prompt medical assessment for chest pain, a high fever with marked illness, wheezing, dehydration or a cough that is worsening. Book a routine appointment if the cough persists, repeatedly returns, disrupts sleep, or occurs with weight loss, night sweats or a persistent hoarse voice. A clinician may listen to your chest and review medicines, allergies and reflux symptoms.

Ask whether the cough sounds like an upper-airway, reflux, asthma or chest problem. Mention when it began, whether it is dry or produces mucus, what triggers it, and whether you have fever, wheeze, heartburn or nasal drainage. Ask which self-care products are appropriate for you and what change should prompt reassessment.