Intracranial hypertension symptoms

Intracranial hypertension means pressure within the skull is higher than expected. Head pain may be worse on waking, with coughing, bending, or straining. Some people notice brief episodes of blurred or dim vision, double vision, or a blind spot. Swelling of the optic nerve can threaten sight if pressure continues. The pattern does not identify the cause on its own; causes can include problems affecting fluid flow, bleeding, infection, medicines, or another condition.

A clinician may ask about headache timing, eyesight, nausea, medicines, and recent illness. Assessment can include an eye examination, neurological examination, brain imaging, and sometimes a lumbar puncture when appropriate.

Arrange prompt medical assessment for new or persistent symptoms, especially headache with visual disturbance or repeated vomiting. Keep a record of when pain starts, what makes it worse, any changes in sight, and medicines or supplements you take. Do not stop prescribed medicine without advice. Tell the clinician about recent head injury, pregnancy, infection, or a history of blood-clotting problems.

Seek emergency help for a sudden severe headache, new weakness or numbness, trouble speaking, seizure, fainting, confusion, marked drowsiness, repeated vomiting, or sudden loss of vision. These symptoms can signal a dangerous neurological problem and need immediate assessment. A new headache with fever, stiff neck, or a recent head injury also warrants urgent care.

Ask what may be raising pressure, whether your optic nerves and visual fields need checking, which tests are suitable, and which symptoms should send you to emergency care. Ask whether any medicine, sleep-related breathing problem, kidney condition, or weight change could affect the assessment.