What should you know about intestinal amoebiasis?

The infection is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, which can enter the intestine after contaminated food, water or hands are swallowed. Some people have mild loose stools, while others develop frequent diarrhoea, abdominal pain, fever or bloody stools. Symptoms can begin after an interval rather than immediately after exposure. A stool test may be needed because several infections and bowel conditions can look similar. A positive result should be interpreted with the symptoms and examination, since not every intestinal amoeba found in testing causes illness.

Arrange a medical assessment if diarrhoea persists, returns, contains blood or follows travel or unsafe water exposure. Drink frequent small amounts of safe fluid, and use oral rehydration advice when a clinician or pharmacist recommends it. Wash hands carefully after using the toilet and before preparing food; avoid preparing meals for others while unwell. Do not start leftover medicines. Treatment may require a prescribed antiparasitic medicine and, in some cases, a second medicine to clear infection from the bowel. See [Diarrhoea](/symptoms/diarrhoea/) and [Antibiotic Treatment](/treatments/medical-management/antibiotic-treatment/) for related information.

Seek urgent care for heavy or repeated bloody diarrhoea, severe or worsening abdominal pain, faintness, confusion, very little urine, inability to keep fluids down, or marked weakness. These signs can indicate dehydration or a complication requiring prompt examination. Children, older adults, pregnant people and anyone with reduced immunity should seek advice sooner when diarrhoea is significant or persistent.

Could a stool test identify the cause of my symptoms? Do I need treatment that clears parasites from the bowel after my symptoms improve? How should I replace fluids, and when can I safely return to preparing food?