What should you know about inflamed colon diverticulitis?

Diverticula are small pouches that can form in the wall of the colon. Diverticulitis occurs when one or more become inflamed, sometimes with infection. Lower-left abdominal pain is common, and constipation, diarrhoea, bloating, fever, nausea or tenderness may occur. Symptoms can overlap with other causes of abdominal pain, so a clinician may use an examination, blood tests or imaging to decide what is happening and whether complications are present.

Arrange a GP Consultation for new or persistent abdominal pain rather than self-diagnosing. Follow the clinician's advice about fluids, food texture and pain relief; a short period of simpler foods may be suggested before a gradual return to normal meals. Antibiotics are not suitable for every episode, so use them only when prescribed. Once symptoms settle, discuss fibre, fluid intake, activity and Nutrition Counselling if constipation or recurring symptoms are concerns.

Seek urgent help for severe or rapidly worsening abdominal pain, a rigid or swollen abdomen, repeated vomiting, inability to pass stool or gas, fainting, confusion, heavy rectal bleeding, or fever with marked weakness. Prompt assessment is also needed if you cannot drink, are passing very little urine, or symptoms are not improving. A complication such as an abscess, bowel blockage or a tear needs hospital treatment.

Ask whether your symptoms need imaging, which foods and pain medicines are appropriate now, whether antibiotics are indicated, and how to reduce recurrence after recovery.