What should you know about a stiff index finger?

Stiffness after rest with aching or swelling around a finger joint can occur with hand osteoarthritis. Stiffness in several joints, especially with prolonged morning symptoms or swelling on both hands, can occur with rheumatoid arthritis. A finger that catches, clicks, or locks while bending may be affected by trigger finger.

A firm cord or pulling of the finger toward the palm may fit Dupuytren's contracture. Pain, bruising, or sudden loss of movement after a knock raises concern for injury. Compare bending and straightening, and note warmth, redness, numbness, and whether one or several fingers are involved. These details are more useful than stiffness alone.

Keep the finger moving gently through a comfortable range, particularly after rest, but do not force a locked or swollen joint. Pace gripping, typing, and tool use, and take breaks from repeated finger flexion. Warm water may make movement easier for some people; stop if swelling or pain increases.

Arrange an assessment if stiffness lasts, returns often, or affects writing, dressing, or grip. Treatment may involve exercises, splinting, medicines, injection, or another approach depending on the structure involved.

Get prompt care for a hot, red, rapidly swollen finger, fever, a wound near a joint, or sudden inability to bend or straighten it. Urgent assessment is needed after deformity, severe injury, or a finger that becomes numb, blue, or cold.

Is the stiffness coming from the joint, tendon, or nearby tissue? Does the pattern suggest trigger finger or arthritis? Should I have an X-ray or blood tests? Which exercises and activities are safe?