If blood pressure is high, what should you do?

One elevated reading does not establish hypertension. Stress, pain, caffeine, recent activity, an unsuitable cuff, or talking during the measurement can affect the result. A clinician may compare readings taken on different days, review home measurements, and assess factors such as kidney health, weight, sleep, and medicines. Persistent high pressure can strain blood vessels and organs, including the heart, brain, and kidneys.

Rest for several minutes, keep both feet on the floor, support your arm, and use a correctly sized upper-arm cuff on bare skin. Take two readings a short time apart and record the date, time, and results. Do not stop or change prescribed blood-pressure medicine without advice. Reduce salty processed foods, stay active within your ability, avoid smoking, moderate alcohol, and keep follow-up appointments. Your clinician may discuss Hypertension, Chronic Kidney Disease, Obesity, or Obstructive Sleep Apnoea if these are relevant to your assessment.

Seek emergency help for a very high reading accompanied by chest pressure, severe breathlessness, sudden weakness or numbness, trouble speaking, confusion, fainting, or a sudden severe headache. These symptoms can signal Angina, Heart Failure, Stroke, or a Transient Ischaemic Attack and should not be watched at home. If the reading remains unusually high without symptoms, contact a healthcare professional promptly for advice.

Ask which readings should prompt a call, how often to measure at home, whether your cuff is suitable, and whether any medicine or supplement could raise blood pressure. Ask what target applies to you and when your next review should occur.