How to get rid of anosmia?

Anosmia means a complete loss of smell. A blocked or swollen nose can stop scent molecules reaching the smell receptors, while viral illness can temporarily disturb the lining or the nerve pathways involved in smell. A reduced sense of smell can occur with a Common Cold, Allergic Rhinitis, Chronic Sinusitis, COVID-19 or Long COVID. The change may also affect flavour because much of what people call taste comes from smell.

Give your nose time to recover after a respiratory illness, drink enough fluid, and avoid smoke and strong chemical fumes. If congestion is present, saline spray or a saline rinse may loosen mucus; use sterile, distilled or previously boiled and cooled water for a rinse, and keep the device clean. Do not insert objects into the nose or use decongestant sprays longer than the product instructions. Smell training, using familiar safe scents briefly and regularly, may help some people reconnect with smells. A clinician can check for inflammation, polyps, medication effects or another cause and advise whether a nasal treatment is suitable.

Seek urgent help if loss of smell began after a head injury or occurs with severe headache, confusion, weakness, trouble speaking or breathing. Arrange a medical review if the loss is sudden without a blocked nose, affects one side, comes with persistent facial pain, repeated nosebleeds or vision changes, or continues after the illness has settled. Loss of smell can also reduce awareness of smoke, gas and spoiled food, so check alarms and food carefully.

Could congestion, an allergy, infection or a medicine explain the change? Should I use a nasal spray or start smell training? Do I need an examination of the nose or a referral if recovery is slow?