How is melanoma treated?

A dermatologist or cancer team bases the plan on biopsy findings, tumour depth and other features, nearby lymph nodes, and signs of spread. Removing the melanoma with a margin of surrounding skin is often the first step. A sentinel lymph node biopsy may help assess whether cells have reached the first draining lymph node; it is a staging procedure, not a treatment for every person.

Early melanoma may be managed with an operation to remove the lesion and nearby tissue. If melanoma involves lymph nodes or distant organs, the team may discuss systemic medicines such as targeted therapy when the tumour has a suitable molecular target, alongside other oncology options. Follow-up can include skin examinations, lymph-node checks, and scans selected for the individual situation. Keep appointments even when a mole looks unchanged.

Arrange prompt dermatology assessment for a changing, bleeding, crusting, or newly unusual mole. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding that will not stop with firm pressure, rapidly worsening pain, or symptoms suggesting spread such as new weakness, severe headache, or breathing difficulty. A changing mole is a reason for examination, not proof of melanoma.

What did the biopsy show? Has staging been completed? Is sentinel lymph node biopsy relevant? What margin and follow-up schedule do you recommend? Would tumour testing affect systemic treatment choices?