How Is Knee Osteoarthritis Treated?

Osteoarthritis changes the tissues that help the knee move smoothly. Symptoms can include pain, stiffness, reduced confidence on stairs and grinding or clicking. The plan depends on pain, movement, strength, health and the effect on work, sleep and daily tasks. Read more about [Knee Osteoarthritis](/conditions/knee-osteoarthritis/), [Difficulty Climbing Stairs](/symptoms/difficulty-climbing-stairs/) and [Knee Clicking and Grinding](/symptoms/knee-clicking/).

A physiotherapist can prescribe strengthening and mobility work, then adjust it as function improves. Pacing, supportive footwear, weight-management advice when relevant and lower-impact activity can reduce strain. A clinician may discuss [Anti-Inflammatory Medication](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/anti-inflammatory-medication/) or a [Cortisone Injection](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/cortisone-injection/) for selected symptoms. If pain and loss of function continue despite non-surgical care, [Total Knee Replacement](/treatments/joint-replacement/total-knee-replacement/) or [Robotic Knee Replacement](/treatments/joint-replacement/robotic-knee-replacement/) may be discussed. The choice depends on anatomy, goals and the surgeon's assessment.

Arrange assessment if knee pain or stiffness is steadily limiting walking, sleep, work or self-care. Seek urgent help after an injury if the knee is deformed, suddenly very swollen, hot and red, or impossible to bear weight. New fever with a hot swollen knee needs prompt medical attention.

Ask: What is driving my symptoms? Which exercises and activities fit my knee? What are the benefits and drawbacks of each medicine or injection? When would replacement be reasonable? What recovery support would I need afterward?