How is conjunctivitis treated?

Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the surface covering the eye and inner eyelid. Viruses, bacteria, allergies and irritants can cause it. Red eye and eye discharge are common features, but the type of discharge, itching, pain and effect on vision help guide assessment.

Many cases improve with gentle cleaning and time. Antibiotic treatment may be considered when bacterial infection is suspected, but it will not help viral or allergic causes. A GP consultation can help distinguish these possibilities and check whether the cornea or another part of the eye is involved.

Wash hands before and after touching the eye, clean discharge with clean water and a fresh cotton pad, and avoid sharing towels, pillows or eye makeup. Do not wear contact lenses until the eye has recovered and a clinician or optometrist says it is safe. Cool compresses may soothe irritation; avoid rubbing the eye.

Arrange assessment if discharge is heavy, symptoms are not improving, or you wear contact lenses. Seek urgent eye care for significant pain, reduced vision, marked light sensitivity, injury, swelling around the eye or severe headache with nausea.

Ask what cause is most consistent with your symptoms, whether antibiotic treatment is appropriate, and when you can safely restart contact lenses or eye makeup.