How effective is antibiotic treatment for sinusitis?

Sinusitis causes swelling and mucus build-up in the spaces around the nose. A viral illness or inflammation may produce the same pressure, congestion, and discharge as a bacterial infection, so antibiotics are not automatically useful. A clinician considers how symptoms began, whether they are improving or worsening, and the examination before recommending treatment.

When bacteria are suspected, the prescribed antibiotic works against those bacteria, while saline rinsing, fluids, rest, and suitable pain relief may ease symptoms. Congestion and facial pressure can take time to settle because swelling may remain after the infection starts improving.

Use antibiotics only when prescribed for you, and follow the label about dose and timing. Do not save doses for a later illness or use medicine left from someone else. Tell the clinician about drug allergies, pregnancy, kidney problems, and other medicines. Ask whether a nasal treatment or another supportive measure is appropriate for your symptoms.

A pharmacist or clinician can explain how to take the medicine and what side effects deserve advice. If symptoms worsen after initial improvement, or do not follow the expected course, arrange a review rather than changing treatment yourself.

Get urgent medical help for swelling or redness around an eye, vision changes, severe headache with neck stiffness, confusion, facial weakness, or marked difficulty breathing. Arrange prompt assessment for severe facial pain, a very unwell appearance, or symptoms that are rapidly worsening. Read more about [Sinusitis](/conditions/sinusitis/).

Ask whether your symptoms suggest bacterial sinusitis, what improvement should look like, how long to use the medicine, which supportive treatments are suitable, and when you should return for review.