How effective is antibiotic treatment for kidney infection?

A kidney infection is commonly treated with an antibiotic chosen after considering symptoms, urine testing, allergies, pregnancy and previous antibiotic exposure. Some people can take tablets at home, while a person who is very unwell, dehydrated or unable to keep medicine down may need hospital treatment and antibiotics through a vein.

Fever, chills, pain in the side or back, nausea and urinary symptoms should begin to settle as treatment takes effect. Ongoing symptoms can mean that the medicine needs review, the infection is more severe, or a blockage is preventing recovery.

Take each dose at the instructed time and complete the prescribed course. Drink fluids if you can do so safely, rest, and use only pain relief that is suitable for you. Do not use leftover antibiotics or share medicine with another person.

Arrange review if symptoms are not starting to improve within the timeframe given by your clinician, or if they return after treatment. A urine sample or scan may be needed to guide the next step, particularly when infections recur.

Seek urgent medical care for confusion, fainting, severe weakness, repeated vomiting, worsening side or back pain, or difficulty keeping fluids down. A high fever with shaking chills, pregnancy, or symptoms in a child also warrants prompt clinical assessment.

Ask which antibiotic is being used, when improvement should begin, whether a urine test is needed, and what to do if a dose is missed or vomiting occurs. Mention kidney problems, allergies and regular medicines.