How does hip fracture surgery work?

The fracture’s location, pattern, stability and effect on blood supply guide the operation. For some breaks, screws, a plate or an intramedullary nail hold the bone in its correct position while it heals. An intramedullary nail sits inside the hollow centre of a long bone and can share the load across the fracture. If the break affects the ball of the hip joint or the joint cannot be reliably repaired, the surgeon may replace the femoral head with an artificial component. In some cases, the socket is also replaced.

The operation is planned alongside treatment for pain, hydration, existing medical conditions and safe movement. A physiotherapist may help you sit, stand and walk with the permitted level of weight-bearing soon after surgery.

Take pain medicine as directed and use the walking aid at the height and technique taught by your team. Keep dressings and the incision clean according to instructions. Attend rehabilitation appointments, practise transfers and exercises safely, and use recommended equipment at home. After healing, a falls prevention programme can address balance, vision, footwear and hazards that increase the chance of another fall.

Seek prompt medical advice for increasing wound drainage or redness, fever, new severe hip pain, a leg that appears shortened or rotated, or inability to bear the permitted weight. Sudden chest pain, breathlessness, fainting or one-sided calf swelling requires urgent assessment. New confusion or unusual drowsiness should also be reported, especially in an older adult.

Ask which fracture pattern you have, whether the plan is fixation or joint replacement, how much weight is allowed, and which movements are restricted. Clarify blood-clot prevention, wound review, rehabilitation goals and when a home safety assessment is appropriate.