How common is a testicular lump in a germ cell tumour?

A change may feel like a firm area, a distinct lump, swelling, heaviness or a difference in the size or shape of one testicle. Some people notice little pain, while others have an ache in the testicle, scrotum or lower abdomen. Germ cell tumours can arise in reproductive cells, and the symptoms can vary with their location.

A testicular lump can have causes other than a germ cell tumour, including fluid collections, inflammation, injury or benign growths. Feeling the lump cannot reliably distinguish among these possibilities. Examination and an ultrasound are commonly used to assess a new change.

Contact a doctor promptly if you notice a new lump, persistent swelling or a change in the feel of a testicle. Tell them when the change began, whether it has enlarged, and whether you have pain, heaviness, fever, urinary symptoms or a recent injury. Avoid assuming the cause from symptoms alone.

At the visit, the clinician may examine the scrotum and discuss ultrasound or other tests. If you have previously had a germ cell tumour, report any new change to your specialist team without waiting for your next routine appointment.

Seek urgent care for sudden severe testicular or scrotal pain, rapid swelling, nausea with testicular pain, or an injury followed by marked swelling. These symptoms can occur with conditions that need rapid treatment. A painless lump is not an emergency in the same way, but it should still be checked promptly.

Ask what the examination suggests, whether an ultrasound is appropriate, and when you should receive the results. You can also ask which symptoms should prompt urgent contact and whether a referral to a urology specialist is needed.