Home remedies for heartburn and indigestion

Indigestion can include upper abdominal discomfort, early fullness, bloating, belching, or nausea. Heartburn is a burning feeling behind the breastbone caused when stomach contents move upward. They may occur together after a large meal, rich food, stress, or some medicines. Recurrent symptoms can also occur with acid reflux, gastritis, gallstones, Helicobacter pylori infection, or a peptic ulcer.

Eat slowly and choose smaller portions; stop before you feel overfull. Sip water and remain upright after eating rather than bending or lying down. Reduce foods and drinks that clearly trigger your symptoms, such as very fatty, spicy, acidic, or fizzy items. Avoid smoking and check whether anti-inflammatory pain medicines worsen your stomach. A pharmacist can advise whether acid reflux medication is suitable and how it fits with your other medicines.

Seek emergency help for severe chest pain, breathlessness, fainting, vomiting blood, or black stools. Arrange prompt medical care for difficulty swallowing, repeated vomiting, yellowing of the skin or eyes, unexplained weight loss, or severe abdominal pain. Book a review when symptoms recur, last beyond a short episode, or need frequent self-treatment, because the pattern may need a focused examination and testing.

Do my symptoms fit reflux, indigestion, or another digestive problem? Could any medicine be irritating my stomach? Which warning signs should I watch for, and what treatment is appropriate?