Help with heat stroke

Heat stroke happens when the body cannot control its temperature after heat exposure or exertion. The person may become confused, unusually sleepy, unsteady, have a seizure or lose consciousness. The skin may feel very hot, and sweating can be present or absent. Heat exhaustion can worsen into heat stroke, so altered behaviour or collapse should be treated as an emergency rather than watched at home.

Call emergency services, move the person out of the heat and remove excess clothing. Cool the skin with water, wet cloths, fanning or a cool bath if this can be done safely. Place an unconscious person on their side and monitor breathing. Do not give drinks to someone who is confused, vomiting, having a seizure or unable to swallow. Do not leave them alone, and follow the emergency operator's instructions.

Emergency assessment is needed for confusion, fainting, seizure, severe weakness, very hot skin, breathing difficulty or inability to drink. Vomiting can worsen dehydration and should not delay the call. Hospital care may include monitoring and IV fluid therapy, with checks for effects on the brain, kidneys and other organs. Do not rely on a fever reading to decide that the danger has passed.

Ask what may have triggered the episode, when it is safe to return to exercise or outdoor work, and how to plan cooling, fluids, breaks and supervision in hot weather. Review medicines or health conditions that may affect heat tolerance.