Heavy spotting in early pregnancy

Light bleeding can happen in early pregnancy for several reasons, including changes at the cervix. Heavy or increasing bleeding can also signal a pregnancy complication, so its amount, timing, and associated symptoms matter. It is not possible to determine the cause from the colour of blood or symptoms alone.

A healthcare professional may ask when pregnancy was confirmed, the first day of the last period, how the bleeding compares with a normal period, and whether there is pelvic or shoulder-tip pain. Assessment may involve pregnancy hormone testing, examination, and ultrasound.

Contact your maternity service, doctor, or urgent care service promptly and explain that you are pregnant and bleeding. Note the start time, flow, clots, pain location, dizziness, fever, and any tissue passed. Use a pad so the flow is easier to observe, and take your pregnancy details and medicines with you.

If you have an unusual blood type or have been told you may need a specific pregnancy-related injection after bleeding, mention this to the clinician. Do not delay advice while trying to identify the cause yourself.

Call emergency services or go to emergency care for severe or one-sided abdominal pain, shoulder-tip pain, fainting, severe dizziness, confusion, or heavy bleeding with weakness. Fever or feeling suddenly very unwell also needs urgent attention. These symptoms require assessment even if the bleeding later slows.

What tests do I need to check the pregnancy and the source of bleeding? When should I repeat testing or have an ultrasound? Which symptoms mean I should return immediately, and who should I contact outside clinic hours?