Getting rid of earwax buildup: what should you know?

Earwax normally protects the ear canal, but a plug can cause a blocked sensation, reduced hearing, earache or ringing in the ears. Similar symptoms can come from infection, a foreign object or another ear problem, so symptoms alone cannot confirm wax. Previous ear surgery, a hole in the eardrum, ear tubes or significant pain are reasons to get advice before putting drops in the ear.

Ask a pharmacist or clinician which wax-softening product is suitable, and use it exactly as directed. Keep water and objects out of the canal while symptoms settle. Cotton buds, hairpins and improvised tools can push wax deeper or injure the skin and eardrum. If hearing remains reduced after softening, arrange an examination. A clinician may recommend ear wax removal using an appropriate method after checking the ear.

Arrange prompt medical advice for severe earache, discharge, fever, sudden hearing loss, marked dizziness or symptoms after an injury. Seek urgent help for sudden hearing loss or severe neurological symptoms. Book a routine review when blockage, hearing change or ringing persists, returns frequently or affects communication and work.

Ask whether the symptoms are caused by wax, whether drops are safe for your eardrum, and which removal method is appropriate. If hearing does not return after the ear is clear, ask whether a hearing test is needed.