What should you know about general abdominal ultrasound?

A probe moved across the skin sends sound waves into the abdomen and records echoes as moving images. The scan can assess organs such as the liver, gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas and spleen, as well as some blood vessels and soft tissues. It may help investigate pain, swelling, abnormal liver tests or suspected gallstones and kidney stones. It cannot answer every question, and bowel gas or body position can limit the view.

An ultrasound report describes appearances; it is interpreted alongside symptoms, examination and other tests. A finding does not automatically identify the cause of pain.

Follow the imaging centre's instructions because fasting may be requested for a scan of the gallbladder or upper abdomen. Wear clothing that allows access to the abdomen and bring relevant reports. During the scan, you may need to change position or briefly hold your breath. Most people return to normal activities afterwards. Arrange a GP consultation if you need help understanding why the scan was requested or what happens next.

Do not wait for a routine scan if abdominal pain is severe or sudden, the abdomen becomes rigid or swollen, you have repeated vomiting, fainting, yellow skin, blood in vomit or stool, or a high fever. Seek urgent medical assessment in those situations.

Ask which organs are being assessed, whether fasting is needed, when the report will be available, and whether further imaging or blood tests may be needed to explain an abnormal result.